Exchange controls in the United States?

by Simon Black · 8 comments

March 30, 2009
Panama City, Panama

I’ve been flooded with emails over the last few days about new law in the United States that many people believe to be government imposed exchange controls. Here’s the deal, in case you haven’t heard:

On March 18th, President Obama signed into law the innocuous sounding “Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act.” Buried in the bill are several provisions that impose new taxes, penalties, and requirements regarding the reporting of foreign bank accounts.

One of the biggest issues is that the bill imposes a 30% withholding tax on most US-source income paid to foreign financial institutions which do not comply with IRS reporting requirements.

Essentially, Tim Geithner expects foreign financial institutions to become unpaid spies of the US government. Account holders of banks who do not wish to comply will have 30% of their funds withheld if those funds are income from US sources.

It is this 30% withholding tax that has set off alarm bells across the blogosphere.

The bill goes on to aggressively expand the definition of a “US beneficiary of a foreign trust,” extend the penalty period for erroneous reporting, and expand the offshore financial account reporting requirements.

I spoke with two asset protection and tax attorneys as well as a handful of CPAs about this bill, and I plan on interviewing a few of them soon to shed some light on the new law… in the meantime, though, here’s what you need to know:

All of these measures are a major step in the wrong direction and indicative of the federal government’s assault on economic freedom. To be clear, though, these measures are NOT capital controls, nor do they make it illegal for US citizens to open a foreign bank account.

Remember, capital controls are laws that prevent the free flow of capital in and out of a particular currency, either through international bank transfers, purchase of gold and hard assets, or conversion into a foreign currency.

For centuries, capital controls have been extremely popular tools of government; in fact, they were used around the world as recently as the 1970s and 1980s. Today, capital controls are still in effect in many countries such as Cuba where locals are forbidden to hold foreign currencies.

Capital controls give the government authoritative, sweeping economic powers, providing for total control over the currency and regulation of inflows and outflows. This benefits corrupt, overspending governments by trapping wealth within a nation’s borders and enslaving capital to further taxation and inflation.

Given the dire financial straits of most governments, I’m convinced that capital controls will once again be imposed in the western world and United States some day soon. But today is not that day.

Clearly, this new law is the strongest evidence of things to come. But the window of opportunity to do something is still open. The 30% withholding tax does not make it illegal to hold funds overseas, but rather it is an administrative penalty to ensure the flow of tax information.

You can be sure that more invasive measures are coming soon… so the time to heed the warning signs is now. Besides, when capital controls finally are passed, it will be in the exact same manner as these measures were passed– quietly. You don’t want to wake up one morning and realize that you’re too late.

The language in the bill is extremely complex… so when I publish my interview with tax attorneys and asset protection experts, we’ll discuss the bill at length, as well as some long-term solutions.

In the meantime, I strongly recommend that you read the following level-headed, plain English interpretation of the bill from Mark Nestmann’s website.

I would also strongly encourage you to check out Mark’s book, The Lifeboat Strategy, which contains some excellent strategies and solutions for dealing with the decline in personal and economic freedom.

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  • CM

    I hold euros and dollars in Croatian bank accounts. Bureaucracy is such there that the IRS would probably throw in the towel before they had the time, patience, and resources to want to deal with them and their woeful lack of computerized data and 19th-century reliance on paper. They are also stubborn – can’t see them putting up with being unpaid spies for the US government. No matter their own economic outlook. They don’t trust the entire idea of personal credit – cards and straightforward mortgages/loans – so they have no interest in following the US with more exotic financial instruments.

  • Joe

    Simon,
    Some of us (including myself) weren’t able to sign up for your email before the deadline to obtain the info on second passports. (I finally was able to sign up but after the deadline.)
    Couyld you email this to all your subscribers?
    Thanks!!!!

  • lf

    The way I understand new law is that US account holders in offshore
    banks are not subject to 30 percent withholding tax on their assets
    (even if assets originated in US and the bank does not comply with IRS requirements). If it were the case, then it would be a form of capital control. On the other hand, any offshore bank, brokerage or other financial institution dealing with US (e.g. getting any dividends from US securities or bonds) will need to comply with IRS requirements or face 30
    percent withholding tax on their US originated income. I believe that vast majority of institutions will be forced therefore to comply with the law. But then many simply dump US customers to reduce the cost of compliance…
    As usual US citizens will be the major victims.

    • Jan

      They are already dumping US customers in Israel.
      http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1155130.html

      Cheers,
      Jan

    • lf

      It turns out that I was wrong in my previous post. I asked a highly qualified person in DeLoitte Tax LLP the question below and I got totally devastating response which I also post here. Yes, definitely FATCAT act is a capital control law and will have very dire consequences to all Americans with offshore investments or accounts.
      Since the most devastating provisions will not be enacted before the end of 2012, American public will not realize the scope of damage which has been done until new presidential elections are over.
      It seems to me that people in the community should try to do their best
      to explain the rest of Americans the Orvellian nature of this monstrous new law.
      My question to DeLoitte TAX LLP:
      Suppose I have a banking account in offshore bank which did not enter the required by new law agreement with IRS. Does any funds which I hold in this account (or any new funds I will send to this account after December 31, 2012) subject to 30 percent withholding tax by IRS? If this is the case how IRS is going to withhold it?
      Response by DeLoitte TAX LLP:
      Generally, the 30 percent gets withheld unless the foreign financial institution enters into an information reporting agreement with Treasury, in which case Treasury can obtain the account information that it wants. Consistent with other provisions in present law, the withholding obligation is imposed in the “withholding agent.” A withholding agent is defined broadly to include any U.S. or foreign person that has the control, receipt, custody, disposal, or payment of an item of income of a foreign person subject to withholding. Treas. Reg. sec. 1.1441-7(a).

      So, yes. In the case you hypothesized withholding would occur if a bank or other withholding agent transferred the money out of the U.S. to a non-qualified institution.

      The entire point of all this is to address an issue raised by a number of highly-publicized transactions in which U.S. citizens exploited foreign bank secrecy rules to hide significant wealth and income. The clearest path to avoiding the withholding is to deal with foreign banks that agree to the necessary disclosures.

      • Jan

        The government wants everyone to stay at home in the US where the Americans are much easier to herd about – spy on – control and tax

        One might call it: “Keeping the Slaves on the Plantation”.

        Cheers,

        Jan

  • Faith

    Question — Simon — I am new at all the topics you are discussing and was particularly interested in finding out more about the use of self-directed IRAs to buy real estate overseas. Could you suggest a well-regarded company that handles self-directed IRAs? Also interested in getting a copy of your Panama Black Report and couldn’t locate more info on your web site. Is a current edition available and if so, how do I access the order process? Thanks so much in advance for your assistance.

  • lf

    Well,
    it is already very difficult for US citizens to have brokerage accounts in
    offshore banks (even without new legislation). E.g. HSBC (and even CITIBANK) do not allow it in offshore branches. New legislation, in my opinion, will make it very difficult for Americans to have retail accounts in offshore banks. But then Americans will do what Mark Faber (and Simon)
    recommended for ages: buy and keep physical gold in offshore vaults.
    In this way, Obama will deprive America of any kind of investment and any kind of tax revenue from offshore holdings.

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