Lowest Taxed States and
Homeschool Freedom 2023

Want to pay less tax and enjoy more freedom?
The following states offer low taxes AND homeschooling freedom...

Are you being overtaxed in your home state? And now that practically everyone can work from home 100% of the time, do you have the newfound flexibility to move to a lower-taxed jurisdiction?

Plus, if you’re considering a move to greener pastures, is homeschool freedom also important to your family? Instead of your child being subjected to a woke curriculum by out-of-touch teachers and administrators, you can take charge of your child’s education… with little to no interference from the state.  

In this article, we’ll first discuss the best low-tax states. Because maybe low (or no) income tax, low property taxes and low sales tax are what’s most important to you. And you either don’t have kids, or plan to send your kids to good public or private schools in your new low-tax state. 

Or, if you value both low income taxes and homeschool freedom, then we’ve also got you covered. We combed through the data and assembled a list of top 10 states that you can consider — places where you can save on taxes and freely homeschool your kids. 

Interested in moving to a state with lower taxes and/or greater homeschool freedom?

Looking for states where you can save on taxes? Or states where you can both save on taxes and freely homeschool your kids? If so, skip straight down to the respective section by clicking below.

Please note: The below content is intended for informational purposes only. We’re simply presenting the data, not making an official recommendation. Always consider what variables are most important to you. 

Taxes are already high in 2023

One day, the two certainties in life — death and taxes — might need a revision…

Because at some point, we might have the option to upload our consciousness to the cloud… 

But there’s no escaping the other inevitability. Taxes are here to stay. Federal income tax. State (or provincial) income tax. Even, in some cases, a city income tax. Payroll tax. Capital gains tax. Inheritance tax. Estate tax. Property tax. Sales tax. 

Sure, local and state governments require taxes for essential services. But governments are not supposed to blanket every aspect of our lives. 

Higher and higher taxes have enabled governments to grow, and high-earners have been hit the hardest. If you’re a high income earner, then between local, state and federal taxes, it’s likely that you’re handing over half or more of your earnings to the government. 

And that comes with a huge opportunity cost.

Each dollar, pound, euro, etc. that’s sucked into government coffers means less capital available for individuals to direct as they wish — whether that’s through spending, saving, investing, building businesses, hiring more workers, increasing productivity or just generally raising the average standard of living. 

And you don’t need to hold your breath: Most governments are not about to shrink in size anytime soon… especially in this post-pandemic world. In the bureaucrats and politicians’ eyes, the crisis continues ad infinitum

And that means that governments now have a mandate, in their view, to spend money that doesn’t exist, and raise taxes to try to make up for budget deficits.  

Translation: If anything, taxes are likely set to increase

... In fact, they’re already going up...

In mid-March 2021, the new US federal tax plan was rolled out.

This is the first major tax hike in nearly 30 years. It’s covering the whole gamut, and especially hammering high-income earners.

If kept in its current form and passed by Congress, we could see:

  • The corporate tax rate increase from 21% to 28%;
  • Higher income taxes on individuals earning more than $400,000 per year;
  • A higher capital gains tax rate for individuals earning $1 million or more per year;
  • A change in tax preferences for pass-through businesses (i.e. limited liability companies (LLCs) and partnerships);
  • An expanded estate tax.

But wait, there’s more… 

Because not to be outdone, some states could potentially hike state taxes, too…

For example, in New York state, there’s a proposal to raise $7 billion by taxing wealthy residents.

Here’s what the Empire State is proposing:

  • For those who earn over $100 million, the governor’s plan is to raise the top tax rate from 8.82% to 10.82%;
  • For those who earn more than $2.16 million, the State Assembly and Senate hope to increase the tax rate to 9.85% and impose a top tax rate of 11.85%. The Assembly’s top income tax rate would kick in at $25 million. And the Senate’s threshold would be $50 million;
  • A new capital gains tax increase of 1% on individuals earning more than $1 million annually; 
  • An increase in the estate tax (death tax), from 16% to 20%;
  • A progressive state tax on individuals with a second home in New York City;
  • An 18% “surcharge” on corporate franchises, utilities and insurance companies; and…
  • The reinstatement of a minimum business tax on corporate capital.

Factoring in local New York City taxes, high-income residents would pay the country’s highest combined income taxes. 

These individuals — representing only 5% of filers — account for over 60% of the state’s revenue.

We’ll go out on a limb and predict that New York’s revenue will fall short of the expected $7 billion. 

As long as moving to low-tax and zero tax states is possible, then off some people will go, along with their capital, and in some cases, their businesses…

People are not staying planted; they’re voting with their feet

In fact, wealthy New Yorkers are already high-tailing it out of Manhattan…

… And some are moving to Florida, with a concentration in the Miami area, which is quickly becoming a new high-tech and finance hub. 

Data from 2021 reveals that 9% of former Manhattanites moved to Miami Dade and Palm Beach counties. Last year, that number was 6%.

Texas is another popular destination for high income earners from New York and California. 

In late 2020, former Californian, founder of SpaceX, and CEO of electric car manufacturer Tesla, Elon Musk, moved to Austin, Texas. 

And Tesla is building a factory there. 

Musk is not alone. The CEO of file sharing company Dropbox has joined Elon in Austin. And companies like Hewlett Packard and Oracle are leaving the Bay Area for Texas, too.

Florida and Texas are no-brainer options for these companies and wealthy individuals. Both have strong economies and no state income tax. 

Of course, you don’t have to be a billionaire to enjoy those perks. And you don’t have to limit yourself to Florida or Texas. Aside from these two states, there are seven others that have no state income tax…

Low income tax and no income tax states

Below we’ll present both the low income tax states and those with no income tax, starting with the latter…

These 9 states have no income tax

The following are the nine US states with no income tax, along with information on each state’s sales tax, and average property taxes, as of November 21, 2022.

State State sales tax State sales tax on groceries State sales tax on prescription medication Average property tax
Alaska 0% 0% 0% 1.19%
Florida* 6.00% 0% 0% 0.89%
Nevada 4.60% 0% 0% 0.60%
New Hampshire 0% 0% 0% 2.18%
South Dakota 4.50% 0% 0% 1.31%
Tennessee 7.00% 5.50% 0% 0.71%
Texas 6.25% 0% 0% 1.80%
Washington 6.50% 0% 0% 0.98%
Wyoming 4.00% 0% 0% 0.61%

* Florida’s state sales tax is 6% on most items, but 6.75% on electricity and 5.5% on commercial leases.

These 8 states have a state income tax of less than 5%

There are all sorts of ways of defining a state as “low tax”.

Does a “low tax” state mean one that boasts a “low” state income tax? And what does “low” actually mean? The same concepts also apply to property tax and sales tax.

Usually, it’s not property tax or sales tax that accounts for your highest level of fiscal sacrifice. Instead, it’s the state’s income tax. That’s why we chose to focus on income tax over property or sales tax. 

With that said, here are the states that levy an income tax of 5% or less…

StateState income taxState sales taxState sales tax on groceriesState sales tax on prescription medicationAverage property tax
North Dakota2.90%5.00%0%5%0.98%
Pennsylvania3.07%6.00%0%0%1.58%
Indiana3.23%7.00%0%0%0.85%
Michigan4.25%6.00%0%0%1.54%
Colorado4.55%2.90%0%0%0.51%
Ohio4.80%5.75%0%0%1.56%
Illinois4.95%6.25%1%1%2.27%
Utah4.95%4.85%3%0%0.63%

How about a 4% corporate tax and 0% capital gains/dividend tax?

If you’re a US citizen, you know that moving from one state to another is not complex: Just pack your belongings, cross state lines, and get settled in your new home.

Moving to Puerto Rico is no different.

So, if you’re considering a move from, say, California to Texas for the tax benefits, why not at least consider Puerto Rico’s amazing tax incentives?  

Puerto Rico is a commonwealth of the United States. But if you move there and establish bona fide residency, then you become subject to the island’s tax system. In other words, US federal tax rules largely don’t apply to you. 

The first incentive is Puerto Rico’s 4% corporate tax rate.

This is enshrined in Act 60, Chapter 3 (previously known as Act 20, the Export Services Act). If you own a business or work as a freelancer or contractor who provides some type of service to clients outside of Puerto Rico, then you can incorporate in Puerto Rico and enjoy this tax benefit.

Plus, thanks to Act 60, Chapter 2 (previously known as Act 22, the Individual Investor Act), you can distribute corporate dividends to yourself completely tax-free. (Or if you’re a trader or investor, your capital gains are also tax-free.)

You’ll still need to pay yourself a “reasonable” salary, which is subject to federal payroll taxes and Puerto Rico’s income tax. But “reasonable” in Puerto Rico is often much lower than in the US mainland.

Puerto Rico is one of the only options for US citizens to legally escape most federal taxation.

If you’d like more information on Puerto Rico’s tax incentives and our insider’s scoop on the best places to live on the island, visit this link.

Learn EVERYTHING you need to know about the BEST places to live, when you move to Puerto Rico…

Download our FREE guide, and dive into:

This 32-page report (with pictures) is brand new and absolutely free.

Homeschool freedom

Aside from taxes, there’s another good reason to move away from New York state…

The homeschooling requirements are stringent:

  • By July 1 every year, you must submit your intent to homeschool to your local superintendent;
  • By August 15, you must submit an Individualized Home Instruction Plan including:
    • Your child’s name, age and grade level
    • A list of your syllabi, textbooks, materials and/or other plans of instruction
    • Dates for submission of quarterly reports
    • The name of the instructor
    • In some cases, you also must include the subjects to be covered.
  • You must maintain records of attendance to show that your child meets the “substantial equivalent” of 180 days of instruction per year, and 900 hours (for Grades 1-6) or 990 hours (for Grades 7-12) of school. You must also meet the subject matter requirements for each grade level applicable.
  • You must file quarterly reports including the hours of instruction, descriptions of the material covered, and grades/narrative evaluations.
  • You must submit your child (unless in Grades 1-3, when a written evaluation suffices) to an annual standardized test at least every other year (unless they are in Grades 1-3, in which case a written evaluation suffices). For the other years, you must submit written evaluations. (This requirement has been temporarily suspended.)

Clearly, in New York, there’s not really much “home” in homeschooling; you’re subject to the dictates of state bureaucrats and administrators. And New York is not alone in inserting itself into your classroom.

But, fortunately, there are some states on the opposite side of the spectrum. These are places where you – the parent – are truly in charge of your child’s education, and no state bureaucrats or school administrators will meddle with your family’s schooling choices.

The freest homeschool states

States range from high regulation levels, like New York, to “no notice” required for homeschooling (i.e. the freest or best option for parents seeking to homeschool their kids). 

“No notice” means that if you never enroll your children in school, you don’t have to inform the state that you are homeschooling. Generally, though, you do have to formally withdraw your child from public school if you intend to switch to homeschooling. 

States without any notice requirement include:

  1. Alaska
  2. Connecticut
  3. Idaho
  4. Illinois
  5. Indiana
  6. Iowa
  7. Michigan
  8. Missouri
  9. New Jersey
  10. Oklahoma
  11. Texas

Next are the “low regulation” states. 

In these states, you’ll generally need to register your intent to homeschool with the local school district before the school year in which your child turns six or seven. This requirement varies by state, so check the specific laws and regulations in your state (or the state you may be moving to).

But besides registration, there are generally very few other requirements in “low regulation” states.

States with “moderate” regulation require registration, often every year. They also generally have testing requirements.

And finally, states with “heavy” regulation generally require registration, testing, and submission of an annual syllabus that aligns with subjects taught by the state — and sometimes even proof of immunizations.

Good news: As the chart below shows, over 50% of US states are categorized as either “no notice” or “low regulation”.

Homeschooling outside the United States

If you’re thinking about living abroad with your family and value homeschooling freedom, you may or may not be able to legally homeschool your child everywhere.

Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and parts of Central and South America allow homeschooling. But in countries such as Germany, Romania, Bulgaria, and Slovakia, for example, it’s illegal.

And to be precise: A country’s education laws apply to all children who reside there, regardless of whether or not those children are citizens. 

You’ll need to review each country’s laws. The section below lists an excellent resource to help you get started.

Homeschooling resources for both US and international parents

The Home School Legal Defense Association (HSLDA) is an organization that fights for homeschooling freedom. 

They take on cases where government officials overstep their bounds.

And although based in the United States, the HSLDA assists with international homeschooling as well.

Visit their site — again here — to kick off your research.

Putting together state income taxes and homeschool freedom

The list of the 11 freest homeschool states above might be a good start when choosing a new home.

But not all states on that list offer low income taxes. 

Iowa, for example, levies an 8.53% state income tax on incomes over $75,420. (That applies whether you’re single, married and filing jointly, married and filing separately, or filing as head of household.)

Ideally, you may want to choose a state that offers both homeschool freedom and low or zero income taxes. If so, we present…

The lowest income taxes + freest homeschooling states

So, without further ado, here’s our top 10 list of lowest-taxed, freest homeschooling states in the US…

State Level of homeschooling freedom Top state income tax bracket State sales tax1 Average property tax
Alaska “No notice” required (1/4) 0% 0% 1.19%
Texas “No notice” required (1/4) 0% 6.25% 1.80%
Nevada Low regulation (2/4) 0% 4.60% 0.60%
Wyoming Low regulation (2/4) 0% 4.00% 0.61%
Indiana “No notice” required (1/4) 3.23% 7.00% 0.85%
Michigan “No notice” required (1/4) 4.25% 6.00% 1.54%
Illinois “No notice” required (1/4) 4.95% 6.25% 2.27%
Oklahoma “No notice” required (1/4) 5.00% 4.5% 0.90%
Missouri “No notice” required (1/4) 5.40% 4.225% 0.97%
Idaho2 “No notice” required (1/4) 6.93% 6% 0.69%

1 Not including state sales tax on groceries and prescription medication, if applicable.

2 As of March 2021 (as we’re writing this article), the Idaho House has approved a reduction in income tax from 6.93% to 6.5%.

Our methodology to determine the top 10 states

If you’re curious about our methodology, here’s how we assembled our top 10 list. We:

  1. Recorded the state’s top state income tax bracket.
  2. Recorded the state’s level of homeschool freedom, on an index of 1 – 4 (1 being “no notice” required, and therefore the best, 2 being low regulation, etc.).
  3. Transformed each state’s homeschool freedom into percentage terms. A score of 1 became 10%, 2 became 20%, etc. (We did this to ensure that we were applying an approximately equal weight to the homeschool freedom score and the income tax rate.)
  4. Aggregated the score by multiplying the homeschool freedom score times the state’s top tax bracket percentage.
  5. Filtered out the states with a “Moderate regulation” (3/4) or “High regulation” (4/4) score. 
  6. Sorted states by the aggregate score to come up with these 10 top states.
  7. Finally, even though the state sales tax and average property tax were not included in the aggregate calculation, we included these two columns for reference.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which US states have no income tax?

As of April 2021, the following nine US states have no income tax: Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington and Wyoming.

What are the best US states for homeschooling?

As of April 2021, the following US states don’t have any notice requirement for homeschooling: Alaska, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, Oklahoma and Texas.

Which US states have the highest income tax?

As of April 2021, the following US states have the highest income tax rates:

  1. California 13.3%
  2. Hawaii 11%
  3. New Jersey 10.75%
  4. Oregon 9.9%
  5. Minnesota 9.85%
  6. District of Columbia 8.95%
  7. New York 8.82%
  8. Vermont 8.75%
  9. Iowa 8.53%
  10. Wisconsin 7.65%

Each state in this list has a personal income tax floor, with applicable tax exemptions, deductions, credits, and specific definitions of what constitutes taxable income. In combination, these factors determine what its citizens actually end up paying in taxes.

Which US states have no state taxes?

As of April 2021, the following nine US states have no state taxes: Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington and Wyoming

Conclusion

It’s 2021. You’re not a medieval serf, forever tied to the land where you were born. 

And with the rise of remote work starting in 2020, chances are you finally have the opportunity to head to greener pastures…

A place where you can save big on taxes. A place where you can more freely homeschool your children. Or a place where you can enjoy both these benefits.

We encourage you to consider what’s most important to you (and if applicable, your family). Dig into the free resources that we provided in this article… 

And then take action to maximize your freedom and prosperity.

Learn EVERYTHING you need to know about the BEST places to live, when you move to Puerto Rico…

Download our FREE guide, and dive into:

This 32-page report (with pictures) is brand new and absolutely free.

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